Section 811.21. General requirements.

  Surface water sources include all lakes, rivers and streams. The source of water selected as a surface water supply shall be from the best available source which is practicable. The source shall provide the highest quality water reasonably available which, with appropriate treatment and adequate safeguards, will meet the drinking water standards in ch. NR 809 . The department's office of energy should be contacted to initiate pre-application consultation regarding chapter 30 permitting. Any proposal which would result in a diversion from the Great Lakes basin requires department approval in accordance with s. 281.346 , Stats.

(1)   Quality. An investigative study shall be made of the factors, both natural and man made, which may affect water quality. The study shall include:

(a) Determining possible future uses of the water body.

(b) Determining degree of control of the watershed by the water user.

(c) Assessing degree of hazard to the water supply by agricultural, industrial, recreational, shipping and residential activities in the watershed, and by accidental spillage of materials that may be harmful or detrimental to the treatment process.

(d) Assessing all waste discharges, point source and non-point source, and activities that could impact the water supply. The location of each waste discharge shall be shown on a scale map.

(e) For lakes, an analysis of the area water currents and for streams, an analysis of streamflows, and their potential impact on water quality.

(f) Obtaining samples that are representative of the proposed intake structure based on depth and location. Parameters that may be subject to seasonal variation shall be taken for a period of up to one year or over a sufficient period of time to assess such variation. Testing shall include turbidity, pH, alkalinity, hardness, bromide, total organic carbon, color, taste and odor, ammonia, microbiological organisms, heavy metals including lead and copper, volatile organics, synthetic organics, inorganics, and radiological characteristics of the water. The microbiological testing shall satisfy the Long Term 2 Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule requirements found in ss. NR 809.33 to 809.335 . The source water shall meet the surface water quality standards in ch. NR 102 .

(2)   Quantity. The quantity of the water at the source shall:

(a) Be adequate in conjunction with water from other existing sources to meet the maximum 20 year projected water demand of the service area as shown by calculations based on a one in 50 year drought or the extreme drought of record and should include multiple year droughts.

(b) Provide a reasonable reserve for anticipated growth.

(c) Be adequate to provide ample water for other legal users of the source in accordance with ss. 30.18 , 31.02 , 281.35 , and 281.41 , Stats., and ch. NR 142 .

(3)   Location. The inlet for the intake shall not be located:

(a) Within 1000 feet of boat launching ramps, marinas, docks, or floating fishing piers which are accessible by the public.

(b) In areas subject to excessive siltation or in areas subject to receiving immediate runoff from wooded sloughs or swamps.

(c) Within 1000 feet of a wastewater treatment plant outfall outlet.

(4)   Minimum treatment. The design of the treatment processes, equipment, and structures shall depend on an evaluation of the nature and quality of the particular water to be treated.

(a) The design of the water treatment plant must consider the worst conditions that are projected to occur during the life of the facility.

(b) Filtration preceded by appropriate pretreatment shall be provided for all surface waters.

(c) Disinfection shall be provided for all surface waters.

(d) Additional treatment may be required by the department based on raw water sampling and other water quality factors.

History: CR 09-073 : cr. Register November 2010 No. 659 , eff. 12-1-10.