Lyons, J., L. Wang, and T. Simonson. 1996. Development and Validation of an index of biotic integrity for coldwater streams in Wisconsin. North American Journal of Fisheries Management 16: 241-265.
Microsoft Windows NT 6.1.7601 Service Pack 1
Lyons, J., R.R. Piette, and K.W. Niermeyer. 2001. Development, validation, and application of a fish-based index of biotic integrity for Wisconsin's large warmwater rivers. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 130:1077-1094.
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Omernik, J.M., 1987, Ecoregions of the conterminous United States (map supplement): Annals of the Association of American Geographers, v. 77, no. 1, p.
Microsoft Windows NT 6.1.7601 Service Pack 1
Omernik, J. M., Chapman, S. S., Lillie, R. A., Dumke, R. T. (2000) "Ecoregions of Wisconsin" Transactions of the Wisconsin Academy of Sciences, Arts, and Letters 88: 77-103
Microsoft Windows NT 6.1.7601 Service Pack 1
Wang, L., J. Lyons, P. Kanehl, and R. Gatti. 1997. Influences of watershed land use on habitat quality and biotic integrity in Wisconsin streams. Fisheries 22(6):6-12.
Microsoft Windows NT 6.1.7601 Service Pack 1
Wang, L., J. Lyons, P. Rasmussen, P. Seelbach, T. Simon, M. Wiley, P. Kanehl, E. Baker, S. Niemela, and P.M. Stewart. 2003. Watershed, reach, and riparian influences on stream fish assemblages in the Northern Lakes and Forest Ecoregion, U.S.A. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 60: 491-505.
Microsoft Windows NT 6.1.7601 Service Pack 1
Weigel, B.M, J. Lyons, and P. Rasmussen. 2006. Relative influence of environmental variables at multiple spatial scales on fishes in Wisconsin's warmwater nonwadeable rivers. American Fisheries Society Symposium 48:493-511.
Microsoft Windows NT 6.1.7601 Service Pack 1
Table 1
Bank Erosion Potential Index (Bepi) Score Worksheet
Microsoft Windows NT 6.1.7601 Service Pack 1
Applicants and department staff shall use this worksheet to calculate erosion intensity pursuant to
s.
NR 328.38 (2)
.
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See PDF for table
Microsoft Windows NT 6.1.7601 Service Pack 1
Table 1 is adapted from Rosgen, David L. "A Practical Method of Computing Streambank Erosion Rate", Wildland Hydrology Inc., Pagosa Springs, CO, 10 pp.
Microsoft Windows NT 6.1.7601 Service Pack 1
1. Ordinary High Water Mark (OHWM) means the point on the bank or shore up to which the presence and action of water is so continuous as to leave a distinct mark either by erosion, destruction of terrestrial vegetation or other easily recognizable characteristics. If bank material is composed of bedrock outcrop, stop with the BEPI assessment at this point; the reported total BEPI score is assumed equal to 0.
Microsoft Windows NT 6.1.7601 Service Pack 1
2. Maximum bank height means the vertical measure (feet) from the bank toe to the top of the bank lip, irrespective of changes in the water level. Bank toe is the inflection or bending point between the bank face and stream bed.
Microsoft Windows NT 6.1.7601 Service Pack 1
3. To measure the bank slope (degrees), the rise and run must be measured from the bank toe to the top of the bank lip. With your measure tape or stick, place the end firmly on the bank toe, parallel to the bank face and measure up to the bank lip to find the rise or max bank height. Subsequently, measure the run from the bank toe to the bank lip. From these measures, one should be able to calculate the bank slope with the formula `bank slope= inverse tangent (rise/run)'. Additionally, the BEPI Calculator is available on the Department's website
http://dnr.wi.gov
. This website automatically calculates the bank slope and BEPI score after inputting fields for bank materials, structures upstream, OHWM height, max bank height, distance to bank face, bank layering/stratification, bank vegetation, and thalweg location.
Microsoft Windows NT 6.1.7601 Service Pack 1
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See PDF for diagram
Microsoft Windows NT 6.1.7601 Service Pack 1
4. Stratification or bank layering means soils consisting of alternating layers of varying soils or textures.
Microsoft Windows NT 6.1.7601 Service Pack 1
5. Bank vegetation is the type and abundance of vegetation occurring between the ordinary high water mark (OHWM) and the bank lip. To assess the abundance of vegetation on the targeted bank, apply a 10 foot wide window of assessment from the OHWM to the top of the bank. The following percentages are assigned for the categories: bare soil visible over less than 30% of the surface area=dense vegetation; bare soil visible across 30-59% of the surface area= clumps of vegetation; bare soil visible across 60-90% of the surface area = vegetation sparse; bare soil visible across > 90% of the surface area = vegetation absent. Root wads, tree falls, and snags on the bank are considered in this assessment, because of their influence on thalweg, sediment transport, scour, and bank protection. After assessing the percentage of bare soil in the `box', record its associated point value.
Microsoft Windows NT 6.1.7601 Service Pack 1
6. Thalweg means the deepest part of the channel or the location of fastest current. To find the thalweg, the channel must be divided into thirds. The applicant needs to perform one or a mixture of tests for the three segments in determining its location. The following tests are suggested: float an object such as an orange peel down the stream to find the segment of fastest current, find the segment with the bubble line visible at the water's surface, or find the deepest part of the channel, if safe. After locating the thalweg, record its proximity to the tested bank, adjacent (closest), center, or opposite (furthest) and record its associated point value.
Microsoft Windows NT 6.1.7601 Service Pack 1
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See PDF for diagram
Microsoft Windows NT 6.1.7601 Service Pack 1