Section 422.04. Methods of compliance.

 

(1)   In-line averaging. Compliance with the emission limitations of this chapter may be achieved through a daily volume-weighted average of all coatings or inks applied by emission units in a process line subject to the same numerical emission limitation. Any owner or operator achieving compliance by means of this subsection shall comply with the reporting requirements of s. NR 439.03 (7) and the recordkeeping requirements of s. NR 439.04 (5) (g) .

(a) No owner or operator of a coating line subject to an emission limitation contained in ss. NR 422.05 to 422.083 , 422.09 to 422.12 , 422.132 , 422.135 , 422.15 , or 422.155 and complying with the emission limitation by means of this subsection may cause, allow or permit the daily volume-weighted average VOC content to exceed the emission limitation to which the coatings are subject. For purposes of this paragraph, daily volume-weighted average VOC content shall be calculated by using the following equation:

- See PDF for diagram

where:

VOC A is the volume-weighted average VOC content of 2 or more coatings applied on a coating line during any day in kilograms per liter (pounds per gallon) of coating, excluding water

i is the subscript denoting an individual coating

n is the number of different coatings subject to the same numerical emission limitation applied during any day on a coating line

C i is the VOC content of each coating (i) as applied during any day on the coating line in kilograms per liter (pounds per gallon) of coating, excluding water

V i is the volume of each coating (i), excluding water, as applied during any day on the coating line in liters (gallons)

V T is the total volume of all n coatings subject to the same emission limitation, excluding water, applied during any day on the coating line in liters (gallons)

(b) No owner or operator of a printing line subject to an emission limitation contained in s. NR 422.14 (2) (a) or (b) and complying with the emission limitation by means of this subsection may cause, allow or permit the daily volume-weighted average VOC content to exceed the emission limitation to which the inks are subject:

1. When s. NR 422.14 (2) (a) applies, the daily volume-weighted average VOC content shall be calculated by using the following equation:

- See PDF for diagram

where:

VOC B is the volume-weighted average VOC content of 2 or more inks applied on a printing line during any day in percent VOC by volume of the volatile fraction

i is the subscript denoting an individual ink

n is the number of different inks subject to the same emission limitation applied during any day on a printing line

C i is the VOC content in percent VOC by volume of the volatile fraction in each ink (i) as applied

L i is the volume of each ink (i) as applied in liters (gallons)

V VFi is the volume fraction volatile content in each ink (i) as applied

2. When s. NR 422.14 (2) (b) applies, the daily volume-weighted average VOC content shall be calculated by using the following equation: - See PDF for diagram

where:

VOC C is the volume-weighted average VOC content of 2 or more inks applied on a printing line during any day in percent VOC by volume, excluding water

i is the subscript denoting an individual ink

n is the number of different inks subject to the same emission limitation applied during any day on a printing line

C i is the VOC content of each ink (i) applied during any day on the printing line in percent VOC by volume, excluding water

V i is the volume of each ink (i), excluding water, applied during any day on the printing line in liters (gallons)

V T is the total volume of all n inks subject to the same emission limitation, excluding water, applied during any day on the printing line in liters (gallons)

(c) An owner or operator of a coating or printing line subject to an emission limitation in this chapter not specified in par. (a) or (b) may comply by means of this subsection only by obtaining prior department approval through an order issued under s. 285.13 (2) , Stats., or through a permit. Any approval granted by the department under this paragraph shall be submitted to, and will not become effective for federal purposes until approved by, the administrator or designee as a source-specific revision to the department's state implementation plan for ozone.

(2)   General methods. The surface coating or printing emission limitations shall be achieved by one of the following:

(a) The application of low solvent content coating or ink technology.

(b) A vapor recovery system which recovers the solvent for reuse.

(c) Incineration or catalytic oxidation, provided that 90% of the nonmethane VOCs (VOC measured as total combustible carbon) which enter the incinerator or oxidation unit are oxidized to non-organic compounds.

(d) An equivalent system or approach demonstrated to reliably control emissions to a level at or below the applicable emission limit and approved by the department. Any approval granted by the department under this paragraph shall be submitted to, and will not become effective for federal purposes until approved by, the administrator or designee as a source-specific revision to the department's state implementation plan for ozone.

(3)   High transfer efficiency coating application.

(a) Surface coating operations covered under ss. NR 422.09 to 422.11 and 422.15 have the added option of achieving compliance with the emission limitation through the use of an alternative control method or system involving a high transfer efficiency coating application system, either when used alone or in conjunction with low solvent content coating technology.

(b) Compliance under the option provided in this subsection must be approved by the department. This requires that all of the following conditions are met:

1. The design, operation and efficiency of the application system must be certified in writing by the owner or operator and submitted to the department for approval.

2. The solvent usage per coated part for application system must be less than or equal to the solvent usage per coated part at the applicable emission limitation using baseline transfer efficiency.

(c) Each alternative control method or system approval granted by the department under this subsection shall be submitted to, and will not become effective for federal purposes until approved by, the administrator or designee as a source-specific revision to the department's state implementation plan for ozone.

(4)   Capture systems. The design, operation and efficiency of any capture system used in conjunction with sub. (2) (b) , (c) or (d) shall be certified in writing by the owner or operator. The efficiency of the capture system is subject to approval by the department. For sources subject to an emission limitation under this chapter which is expressed in units of pounds VOC per gallon of coating or ink, excluding water, the efficiency of the capture system shall be great enough to insure that for any day either 95% overall control is achieved or the emissions from the controlled line are less than or equal to the amount determined using the following equation: - See PDF for diagram

where:

E is the total allowable daily emissions of VOCs in kilograms (pounds) from all coatings or inks subject to the same numerical emission limitation and applied on the controlled line

i is the subscript denoting an individual coating or ink

n is the number of different coatings or inks applied

A i is the allowable emission rate for the coatings or inks pursuant to the requirements of this chapter in kilograms per liter (pounds per gallon) of coating or ink, excluding water, delivered to the applicator

B i is the amount of coating material or ink in liters (gallons), delivered to the applicator during the actual production day

C i is the volume fraction of solids in the coating or ink, delivered to the applicator during the actual production day

D i is the theoretical volume fraction of solids in the coating or ink necessary to meet the allowable emission rate pursuant to the requirements of this chapter calculated from:

- See PDF for diagram

where:

P i is the density of the VOC used in the coating or ink delivered to the applicator during the actual production day in kilograms per liter (pounds per gallon). If the coating or ink does not contain any VOCs, or if the actual VOC density cannot be demonstrated by the owner or operator, a value of 0.88 kilograms per liter (7.36 pounds per gallon) shall be used for P.

Renum. from NR 154.13 (4) (b) and am. Register, September, 1986, No. 369 , eff. 10-1-86; renum. (1) to (3) to be (2) to (4) and am. (3) (a), (b) (intro.) and 1. and (4), cr. (1) and (3) (c), Register, February, 1990, No. 410 , eff. 3-1-90; renum. (1) to be (1) (intro.) and am., cr. (1) (a) to (c), am. (2) (d) and (3) (c), r. and recr. (4), Register, December, 1993, No. 456 , eff. 1-1-94; am. (1) (a) Register, August, 1994, No. 464 , eff. 9-1-94; am. (4) Register, June, 1995, No. 474 , eff. 7-1-95 ; am. (1) (a), (c), (2) (intro.), (d), and (3) (b) (intro.), (c), Register, December, 1996, No. 492 , eff. 1-1-97; am. (4), Register, October, 1999, No. 526 , eff. 11-1-99; CR 00-174 : am. (1) (a), Register August 2001 No. 548 , eff. 9-1-01; CR. 02-146: am. (2) (intro.) and (a) Register October 2003 No. 574 , eff. 11-1-03.