Section 157.52. Equipment control.

 

(1)   Limits on levels of radiation. Sources of radiation shall be used, stored and transported in accordance with the transportation requirements of subch. XIII and the dose limitation requirements of subch. III .

(2)   Storage precautions.

(a) Each source of radiation, except accelerators, shall be provided with a storage or transport container. The container shall be equipped with a lock, or tamper seal for calibration sources, to prevent unauthorized removal of or exposure to the source of radiation.

(b) A source of radiation shall be stored in a manner that minimizes danger from explosion or fire.

(3)   Transport precautions. A transport container shall be physically secured to the transporting vehicle to prevent accidental loss, tampering or unauthorized removal.

(4)   Radiation survey instruments.

(a) A licensee or registrant shall maintain sufficient calibrated and operable radiation survey instruments at each field station and temporary job site to make physical radiation surveys as required by this subchapter and by s. DHS 157.25 (1) . Instrumentation shall be capable of measuring one uSv (0.1 milliroentgen) per hour through at least 0.5 mSv (50 milliroentgens) per hour.

(b) Each radiation survey instrument shall be calibrated according to all the following requirements:

1. At energies and geometry appropriate for use.

2. At intervals not to exceed 12 months and after each instrument servicing.

3. For linear scale instruments, at 2 points located approximately one-third and two-thirds of full-scale on each scale; for logarithmic scale instruments, at midrange of each decade, and at 2 points of at least one decade; and for digital instruments, at appropriate points.

4. At an accuracy within 20% of the true radiation level on each scale.

(c) Calibration records shall be maintained for a period of 3 years after the calibration date for inspection by the department.

(d) A licensee or registrant shall have available additional calibrated and operable radiation survey instruments that are capable of detecting low radiation and contamination levels that could be encountered if a sealed source ruptured. A licensee or registrant may own the instruments or may have a written procedure to obtain them within 24 hours from another location.

(5)   Leak testing of sealed sources.

(a) A licensee using sealed sources of radioactive material shall have the sources tested for leakage. Records of leak test results shall be kept in units of becquerels or microcuries and maintained for inspection by the department for 3 years after the leak test is performed or until transfer or disposal of the sealed source.

(b) Tests for leakage shall be performed only by persons specifically authorized to perform such tests by the department, the NRC, an agreement state or a licensing state. The test for leakage shall be performed using a test kit or method approved by the department, the NRC, an agreement state or a licensing state. The test sample shall be taken from the surface of the source, source holder or from the surface of the device in which the source is stored or mounted and on which one might expect contamination to accumulate. The test sample shall be analyzed for radioactive contamination and the analysis shall be capable of detecting the presence of 185 becquerels (0.005 microcurie) of radioactive material on the test sample.

(c) Each sealed source of radioactive material shall be tested at intervals not to exceed 6 months, except energy compensation sources which may be tested every 3 years. In the absence of a certificate from a transferor indicating that a test has been made prior to the transfer, the sealed source may not be put into use until tested. If, for any reason, it is suspected that a sealed source may be leaking, it shall be removed from service immediately and tested for leakage within 30 calendar days.

(6)   Leaking or contaminated sources. If leak testing of a source reveals the presence of 185 becquerels (0.005 microcurie) or more of leakage or contamination, a licensee shall immediately withdraw the source from use and shall cause it to be decontaminated, repaired or disposed of under the requirements of this chapter. A licensee shall file a written report with the department within 5 days of receiving the test results that describes the equipment involved, the test results and the corrective action taken.

(7)   Exemptions. The following sources are exempted from the requirements of subs. (5) and (6) .

(a) Hydrogen-3 sources.

(b) Sources of radioactive material with a half-life of 30 days or less.

(c) Sealed sources of radioactive material in gaseous form.

(d) Sources of beta- or gamma-emitting radioactive material with an activity of 3.7 MBq (100 microcuries) or less.

(e) Sources of alpha- or neutron emitting radioactive material with an activity of 0.370 MBq (10 microcuries) or less.

(8)   Physical inventory. A licensee or registrant shall conduct a semi-annual physical inventory to account for all sources of radiation. Records of inventories shall be maintained for 3 years from the date of the inventory for inspection by the department and shall include the quantities and kinds of sources of radiation, the location where sources of radiation are assigned, the date of the inventory and the name of the individual conducting the inventory.

(9)   Utilization records. A licensee or registrant shall maintain current records, which shall be kept available for inspection by the department for 3 years from the date of the recorded event, showing all of the following information for each source of radiation:

(a) Make, model number and a serial number or a description of each source of radiation used.

(b) The identity of the well logging supervisor who is responsible for the sources of radiation used and the identity of the well logging assistants present.

(c) Locations where used and dates of use.

(d) In the case of tracer materials and radioactive markers, the utilization record shall indicate the radionuclide and activity used in a particular well and the disposition of any unused tracer material.

(10)   Design performance criteria for sealed sources.

(a) Each sealed source, except those containing radioactive material in gaseous form or in energy compensation sources (ECS), used in well logging applications, shall meet all the following criteria:

1. Have doubly encapsulated construction.

2. Contain licensed material whose chemical and physical forms are as insoluble and non-dispersable as practical.

3. Meet the requirements of par. (b) .

(b) Each sealed source, except those used in energy compensation sources (ECS), shall meet one of the following requirements:

1. For a sealed source manufactured on or before July 14, 1989, the requirements from the United States of America Standards Institute N5.10-1968, "Classification of Sealed Radioactive Sources."

2. For a sealed source manufactured after July 14, 1989, the oil-well logging requirements from the American National Standard Institute/Health Physics Society N43.6-1997, "Sealed Radioactive Sources-Classification."

3. For a sealed source manufactured after July 14, 1989, the sealed source's prototype has been tested and found to maintain its integrity after each of the following tests:

a. Temperature. The test source shall be held at -40 degrees Celsius for 20 minutes, 600 degrees Celsius for one hour, and then be subjected to a thermal shock test with a temperature drop from 600 degrees Celsius to 20 degrees Celsius within 15 seconds.

b. Impact. A 5 kilogram (kg) steel hammer, 2.5 centimeters in diameter, shall be dropped from a height of 1 meter (m) onto the test source.

c. Vibration. The test source shall be subjected to a vibration from 25 Hertz (Hz) to 500 Hz with a peak amplitude of five times the acceleration of gravity for 30 minutes.

d. Puncture. A 1 gram (gm) hammer and pin, 0.3 centimeter (cm) pin diameter, shall be dropped from a height of 1 meter (m) onto the test source.

e. Pressure. The test source shall be subjected to an external pressure of 24,600 pounds per square inch absolute (1.695 X 10 7 pascals) without leakage.

(c) Licensee use of an energy compensation source, which may contain quantities no greater than 3.7 MBq (100 microcuries), is exempt from the requirements of this subchapter, except for all the following:

1. A licensee using an ECS in a well with a surface casing for protecting fresh water aquifers shall meet the requirements of subs. (5) to (9) .

2. A licensee using an ECS in a well without a surface casing for protecting fresh water aquifers shall meet the requirements of subs. (5) to (9) , and ss. DHS 157.51 (1) (a) , 157.53 (2) and 157.56 .

(d) Licensee use of a tritium neutron generator target source is exempt from the following requirements of this subchapter:

1. A licensee using a tritium neutron generator target source, containing quantities no greater than 1,110 GBq (30 curies), in a well with a surface casing to protect fresh water aquifers is exempt from the requirements of s. DHS 157.56 and this subsection except for pars. (a) and (b) for tritium neutron generator target source use only.

2. A licensee using a tritium neutron generator target source, containing quantities exceeding 1,110 GBq (30 curies), or in a well without a surface casing to protect fresh water aquifers is exempt from the requirements of this subsection except for pars. (a) and (b) for tritium neutron generator target source use only.

(11)   Labeling.

(a) Each source, source holder or well logging tool containing radioactive material shall bear a durable, legible and clearly visible marking or label which has, as a minimum, the standard radiation caution symbol, without the conventional color requirement, and the following wording:

(b) Each transport container shall have permanently attached to it a durable, legible and clearly visible label that has, as a minimum, the standard radiation caution symbol and the following wording:

(c) Each uranium sinker bar used in well logging applications shall be legibly impressed with the following words:

(12)   Inspection and maintenance.

(a) A licensee or registrant shall conduct, at intervals not to exceed 6 months, a program of inspection and maintenance of source holders, well logging tools, source handling tools, storage containers, transport containers and injection tools to assure proper labeling and physical condition. Records of inspection and maintenance shall be maintained for a period of 3 years for inspection by the department.

(b) If any inspection conducted under par. (a) reveals damage to labeling or components critical to radiation safety, the device shall be removed from service until repairs have been made.

(c) If a sealed source is lodged in the source holder, a licensee may not perform any operation such as drilling, cutting or chiseling on the source holder unless the - See PDF for diagram licensee is specifically approved by the NRC, an agreement state or a licensing state to perform the operation.

(d) A licensee may not remove a sealed source from a source holder or logging tool or perform maintenance on sealed sources or holders containing sealed sources unless a written procedure developed under the requirements of s. DHS 157.53 (2) has been approved by the department, the NRC, an agreement state or a licensing state.

(e) A licensee shall visually check source holders, well logging tools and source handling tools for defects prior to each use to ensure that the equipment is in good working condition and that required labeling is present. If defects are found, the licensee shall remove the equipment from service until repaired and a record made listing all of the following:

1. Date of inspection.

2. Name of person conducting the visual inspection.

3. Equipment involved by brand, type and serial number.

4. Defects found.

5. Repairs made.

(f) Records required by par. (e) shall be retained for 3 years after the defect is found.

CR 01-108 : cr. Register July 2002 No. 559 , eff. 8-1-02; CR 06-021 : am. (8), r. and recr. (10) (a) to (d), renum. (10) (e) and (f) to be (10) (c) and (d) and am. (10) (c) 2. and (d) 1. and 2. Register October 2006 No. 610 , eff. 11-1-06.

Note

The publication, "Sealed Radioactive Sources — Classification," American National Standard Institute/Health Physics Society N43.6-1997, published by the American National Standard Institute, may be consulted at the Department of Health Services, Radiation Protection Section, 1 West Wilson St, Room 150, Madison WI 53702-0007 or at the Legislative Reference Bureau. The publication may be purchased from the Health Physics Society, 1313 Dolley Madison Blvd., Suite 402, McLean, VA 22101. Microsoft Windows NT 6.1.7601 Service Pack 1   DANGER (or "CAUTION") Microsoft Windows NT 6.1.7601 Service Pack 1   RADIOACTIVE Microsoft Windows NT 6.1.7601 Service Pack 1 This label shall be on the smallest component transported as a separate piece of equipment. Microsoft Windows NT 6.1.7601 Service Pack 1   DANGER (or "CAUTION") Microsoft Windows NT 6.1.7601 Service Pack 1   RADIOACTIVE Microsoft Windows NT 6.1.7601 Service Pack 1 NOTIFY CIVIL AUTHORITIES [OR NAME OF
COMPANY] IF FOUND Microsoft Windows NT 6.1.7601 Service Pack 1 CAUTION Microsoft Windows NT 6.1.7601 Service Pack 1 RADIOACTIVE — DEPLETED URANIUM Microsoft Windows NT 6.1.7601 Service Pack 1 NOTIFY CIVIL AUTHORITIES
[OR NAME OF COMPANY] IF FOUND Microsoft Windows NT 6.1.7601 Service Pack 1